Genetic Tools to Monitor the Emergence of Anthelmintic Drug Resistance

Landscape genetics reveals focal transmission of a human macroparasite.

Macroparasite infections (e.g., helminths) remain a major human health concern...
Source: PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2010 4(4): e665
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Genomic linkage map of the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni.

BACKGROUND: Schistosoma mansoni is a blood fluke that infects approximately 90 million people...
Source: Genome Biol. 2009 10(6): R71
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Sampling strategies to detect anthelmintic resistance: the perspective of human onchocerciasis.

The large-scale use of mass drug administration in human helminthiases control has raised awareness that anthelmintic resistance could develop...
Source: Trends Parasitol. 2009 Jan; 25(1): 11-7
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A method for detecting microfilaraemia, filarial specific antigens and antibodies and typing of parasites for drug resistance and genotypes using finger prick blood sample.

Monitoring and evaluation of programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) depends on epidemiological assessment using appropriate indicators...
Source: Acta Trop. 2008 Sep; 107(3): 268-71
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An analysis of genetic diversity and inbreeding in Wuchereria bancrofti: implications for the spread and detection of drug resistance.

Estimates of genetic diversity in helminth infections of humans often have to rely on genotyping (immature) parasite transmission stages instead of adult worms...
Source: PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2008 2(4): e211
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Genetic analysis of a relationship between macrocyclic lactone and benzimidazole anthelmintic selection on Haemonchus contortus.

OBJECTIVES: We have found that in a laboratory strain of the nematode parasite of ruminants, Haemonchus contortus, repeated ivermectin treatment, in vivo in sheep, selected against TTC, coding for Phe, and for TAC, coding for Tyr, at codon 200 in beta-tubulin isotype 1...
Source: Pharmacogenet. Genomics 2008 Feb; 18(2): 129-40
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Density dependence and the spread of anthelmintic resistance.

Variation in the strength of selection pressures acting upon different subpopulations may cause density-dependent regulatory processes to act differentially on particular genotypes and may influence the rate of selection of adaptive traits...
Source: Evolution 2008 Mar; 62(3): 528-37
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An analysis of the population genetics of potential multi-drug resistance in Wuchereria bancrofti due to combination chemotherapy.

Currently, annual mass treatments with albendazole (ABZ) plus ivermectin (IVM) or diethylcarbamazine (DEC) are administered under the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF)...
Source: Parasitology 2007 Jul; 134(Pt 7): 1025-40
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Genetic manipulation of schistosomes.

In contrast to the situations with model organisms and parasitic protozoa, progress with gene manipulation with schistosomes has been delayed by impediments that include our inability to maintain the life cycle in vitro, absence of immortalized cell lines, large genome sizes, unavailability of drug resistance markers and other difficulties...
Source: Int. J. Parasitol. 2007 Apr; 37(5): 465-73
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15 Mar 2007

Macrogeographic population structure in a parasitic nematode with avian hosts.

Much remains to be discovered about the population genetic structure of parasites, despite the importance of such knowledge to understanding the processes involved in the spread of drug resistance through populations...
Source: Vet. Parasitol. 2007 Mar; 144(1-2): 93-103
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